What is the integral of (-1)/(1+9x^2) ?

The integral of (-1)/(1+9x^2) is -1/3 arctan(3x)+C

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integral of (-1)/(1+9x^2)

\int \frac{- 1}{1 + 9 x ^{2}} d x

- \frac{1}{3} arctan (3 x) + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{- 1}{1 + 9 x ^{2}} d x

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - \int \frac{1}{1 + 9 x ^{2}} d x

Apply Integral Substitution

= - \int \frac{1}{3 ( 1 + u ^{2} )} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \int \frac{1}{1 + u ^{2}} d u

Use the common integral:

\int \frac{1}{1 + u ^{2}} d u = arctan (u)

= - \frac{1}{3} arctan (u)

Substitute back

u = 3 x

= - \frac{1}{3} arctan (3 x)

Add a constant to the solution

= - \frac{1}{3} arctan (3 x) + C

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What is the integral of (-1)/(1+9x^2) ?
The integral of (-1)/(1+9x^2) is -1/3 arctan(3x)+C