What is the general solution for cos(x)+cos^3(x)=0 ?

The general solution for cos(x)+cos^3(x)=0 is x= pi/2+2pin,x=(3pi)/2+2pin

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cos(x)+cos^3(x)=0

Solution

cos (x) + cos^{3} (x) = 0

Solution

x = \frac{π}{2} + 2 πn, x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 πn

Degrees

x = 9 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n, x = 27 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n

Solution steps

cos (x) + cos^{3} (x) = 0

Solve by substitution

cos (x) + cos^{3} (x) = 0

Let:

cos (x) = u

u + u^{3} = 0

u + u^{3} = 0 : u = 0, u = i, u = - i

u + u^{3} = 0

Factor

u + u^{3} : u (u^{2} + 1)

u + u^{3}

Apply exponent rule:

a^{b + c} = a^{b} a^{c}

u^{3} = u^{2} u

= u^{2} u + u

Factor out common term

u

= u (u^{2} + 1)

u (u^{2} + 1) = 0

Using the Zero Factor Principle:

ab = 0

then

a = 0

b = 0

u = 0 or u^{2} + 1 = 0

Solve

u^{2} + 1 = 0 : u = i, u = - i

u^{2} + 1 = 0

Move

1

to the right side

u^{2} + 1 = 0

Subtract

1

from both sides

u^{2} + 1 - 1 = 0 - 1

Simplify

u^{2} = - 1

u^{2} = - 1

For

x^{2} = f (a)

the solutions are

x = f (a), - f (a)

u = - 1, u = - - 1

Simplify

- 1 : i

- 1

Apply imaginary number rule:

- 1 = i

= i

Simplify

- - 1 : - i

- - 1

Apply imaginary number rule:

- 1 = i

= - i

u = i, u = - i

The solutions are

u = 0, u = i, u = - i

Substitute back

u = cos (x)

cos (x) = 0, cos (x) = i, cos (x) = - i

cos (x) = 0, cos (x) = i, cos (x) = - i

cos (x) = 0 : x = \frac{π}{2} + 2 πn, x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 πn

cos (x) = 0

General solutions for

cos (x) = 0

cos (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} cos (x) 1 \frac{3}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{1}{2} 0 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{3}{2} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} cos (x) - 1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2} 0 \frac{1}{2} \frac{2}{2} \frac{3}{2}

x = \frac{π}{2} + 2 πn, x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 πn

x = \frac{π}{2} + 2 πn, x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 πn

cos (x) = i :

No Solution

cos (x) = i

No Solution

cos (x) = - i :

No Solution

cos (x) = - i

No Solution

Combine all the solutions

x = \frac{π}{2} + 2 πn, x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 πn

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the general solution for cos(x)+cos^3(x)=0 ?
The general solution for cos(x)+cos^3(x)=0 is x= pi/2+2pin,x=(3pi)/2+2pin