{ "query": { "display": "cartesian to polar $$\\left(-2,\\:2\\right)$$", "symbolab_question": "POLAR#polar (-2,2)" }, "solution": { "level": "PERFORMED", "subject": "Pre Calculus", "topic": "Polar Coordinates", "subTopic": "Polar", "default": "(2\\sqrt{2},-\\frac{π}{4}+π)" }, "steps": { "type": "interim", "title": "Convert $$\\left(-2,\\:2\\right)\\:$$to polar coordinates:$${\\quad}\\left(2\\sqrt{2},\\:-\\frac{π}{4}+π\\right)$$", "steps": [ { "type": "definition", "title": "Definition", "text": "To convert Cartesian coordinates $$\\left(x,\\:y\\right)\\:$$to Polar coordinates $$\\left(r,\\:\\theta\\right)\\:$$apply:<br/>$$r=\\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\\quad\\theta=\\arctan\\left(\\frac{y}{x}\\right)$$", "secondary": [ "$$x=-2$$", "$$y=2$$" ] }, { "type": "step", "primary": "$$r=\\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$$", "result": "r=\\sqrt{\\left(-2\\right)^{2}+2^{2}}" }, { "type": "interim", "title": "$$\\sqrt{\\left(-2\\right)^{2}+2^{2}}=2\\sqrt{2}$$", "input": "\\sqrt{\\left(-2\\right)^{2}+2^{2}}", "steps": [ { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply exponent rule: $$\\left(-a\\right)^{n}=a^{n},\\:$$if $$n$$ is even", "secondary": [ "$$\\left(-2\\right)^{2}=2^{2}$$" ], "result": "=\\sqrt{2^{2}+2^{2}}" }, { "type": "interim", "title": "Simplify $$2^{2}+2^{2}:{\\quad}2^{3}$$", "input": "2^{2}+2^{2}", "result": "=\\sqrt{2^{3}}", "steps": [ { "type": "step", "primary": "Add similar elements: $$2^{2}+2^{2}=2^{2}\\cdot\\:2$$", "result": "=2^{2}\\cdot\\:2" }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply exponent rule: $$a^b\\cdot\\:a^c=a^{b+c}$$", "secondary": [ "$$2\\cdot\\:2^{2}=\\:2^{1+2}$$" ], "result": "=2^{1+2}", "meta": { "practiceLink": "/practice/exponent-practice", "practiceTopic": "Expand FOIL" } }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Add the numbers: $$1+2=3$$", "result": "=2^{3}" } ], "meta": { "interimType": "Algebraic Manipulation Simplify Title 1Eq" } }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply exponent rule: $$a^{b+c}=a^{b}a^{c}$$", "result": "=\\sqrt{2^{2}\\cdot\\:2^{1}}", "meta": { "practiceLink": "/practice/exponent-practice", "practiceTopic": "Expand FOIL" } }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply radical rule: $$\\sqrt{a\\cdot{b}}=\\sqrt{a}\\sqrt{b}$$", "result": "=\\sqrt{2^{2}}\\sqrt{2^{1}}", "meta": { "practiceLink": "/practice/radicals-practice", "practiceTopic": "Radical Rules" } }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply radical rule: $$\\sqrt[n]{a^n}=a,\\:\\quad$$ assuming $$a\\ge0$$", "secondary": [ "$$\\sqrt{2^{2}}=2$$" ], "result": "=2\\sqrt{2^{1}}", "meta": { "practiceLink": "/practice/radicals-practice", "practiceTopic": "Radical Rules" } }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply rule $$a^{1}=a$$", "secondary": [ "$$2^{1}=2$$" ], "result": "=2\\sqrt{2}" } ], "meta": { "solvingClass": "Solver", "interimType": "Solver", "gptData": "pG0PljGlka7rWtIVHz2xymbOTBTIQkBEGSNjyYYsjjDErT97kX84sZPuiUzCW6s7z3fhNomdwT8bNJhnZYfuTo483d0gMOLJoaS8lTaeQ2l1g99dC9fj9sg0EHzBIRDRSYKD0JQy/1+rjuDyG8nfoWRLd2VwIqlBNByF6663syTgqXz7znVgX8AwDwo+S2NxlCXIjWblGR2IQ5UI4ATgirCI2sSeA74029n2yo277ZU=" } }, { "type": "step", "result": "r=2\\sqrt{2}" }, { "type": "step", "primary": "$$\\theta=\\arctan\\left(\\frac{y}{x}\\right)$$", "result": "θ=\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)" }, { "type": "interim", "title": "Adjust $$\\theta$$ based on the quadrant of the point $$\\left(-2,\\:2\\right)$$", "result": "θ=\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)+π", "steps": [ { "type": "definition", "title": "Point location", "text": "If x>0, y>0, then the point is in quadrant I<br/>If x<0, y>0, then the point is in quadrant II<br/>If x<0, and y<0, then the point is in quadrant III<br/>If x>0, and y<0, then the point is in quadrant IV", "secondary": [ "$$\\left(-2,\\:2\\right)\\:$$is in quadrant II" ] }, { "type": "step", "primary": "If in quadrant II or III, add $$\\pi$$ to $$\\theta$$<br/>If in quadrant IV, add $$2\\pi$$ to $$\\theta$$", "result": "θ=\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)+π" } ], "meta": { "interimType": "Cartesian To Polar Adjust Theta 1Eq" } }, { "type": "interim", "title": "$$\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)+π=-\\frac{π}{4}+π$$", "input": "\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)+π", "steps": [ { "type": "interim", "title": "$$\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)=-\\frac{π}{4}$$", "input": "\\arctan\\left(\\frac{2}{-2}\\right)", "steps": [ { "type": "interim", "title": "$$\\frac{2}{-2}=-1$$", "input": "\\frac{2}{-2}", "steps": [ { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply the fraction rule: $$\\frac{a}{-b}=-\\frac{a}{b}$$", "result": "=-\\frac{2}{2}" }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Apply rule $$\\frac{a}{a}=1$$", "result": "=-1" } ], "meta": { "solvingClass": "Solver", "interimType": "Solver", "gptData": "pG0PljGlka7rWtIVHz2xymbOTBTIQkBEGSNjyYYsjjDErT97kX84sZPuiUzCW6s7LSSS6aBxb8E7wJa6sNoLfy061ljBSPJeENOw2efoSWuixCfF7o9L2hRx9Shm0jmvo3oe/oyhMy2+1TQhDBd2f4JcZRkmFFnFNVl6lkSFFQokt3WiGR7ZaCaXvz77bMjS" } }, { "type": "step", "result": "=\\arctan\\left(-1\\right)" }, { "type": "step", "primary": "Use the following property: $$\\arctan\\left(-x\\right)=-\\arctan\\left(x\\right)$$", "secondary": [ "$$\\arctan\\left(-1\\right)=-\\arctan\\left(1\\right)$$" ], "result": "=-\\arctan\\left(1\\right)" }, { "type": "interim", "title": "Use the following trivial identity:$${\\quad}\\arctan\\left(1\\right)=\\frac{π}{4}$$", "input": "\\arctan\\left(1\\right)", "steps": [ { "type": "step", "primary": "$$\\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\\hline x&\\arctan(x)&\\arctan(x)\\\\\\hline 0&0&0^{\\circ}\\\\\\hline \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}&\\frac{\\pi}{6}&30^{\\circ}\\\\\\hline 1&\\frac{\\pi}{4}&45^{\\circ}\\\\\\hline \\sqrt{3}&\\frac{\\pi}{3}&60^{\\circ}\\\\\\hline \\end{array}$$" }, { "type": "step", "result": "=\\frac{π}{4}" } ], "meta": { "interimType": "Trig Trivial Angle Value Title 0Eq" } }, { "type": "step", "result": "=-\\frac{π}{4}" } ], "meta": { "solvingClass": "Solver", "interimType": "Solver", "gptData": "pG0PljGlka7rWtIVHz2xymbOTBTIQkBEGSNjyYYsjjDErT97kX84sZPuiUzCW6s7iGvFWxodO1NUsa8/NPZQs3HZEx3diJX7HmpOA6MPBM0DnzlbPZjyKgy1eUCFsLd5C0Mhm8BpOdg5ThZH78RphVO1T0snFOPqKXL+S6MxVml7jiFdHr0SVom/kicRvwMrSC2Q+FeN7X71LW6sIifZ61+VlAtW4e5GbXcVxB3X2iQ=" } }, { "type": "step", "result": "=-\\frac{π}{4}+π" } ], "meta": { "solvingClass": "Solver", "interimType": "Solver", "gptData": "pG0PljGlka7rWtIVHz2xymbOTBTIQkBEGSNjyYYsjjDErT97kX84sZPuiUzCW6s7iGvFWxodO1NUsa8/NPZQs5XrF5rFYcU/YIOt39Nr1nIgJ/ZZA32ZInFBpDtxBfiKmWiTEpQjat3SO7/l2m58l3DewuNRqMoWEjVZFAQL7imgFJyBsDxkarmODbO7ahsZE+cBTgH9RlKiOcUvSyaOc+VILv5O4PTM/IFQWcFdOplpOMhL5TeSzbb0jLHXKnLC" } }, { "type": "step", "result": "θ=-\\frac{π}{4}+π" }, { "type": "step", "primary": "The polar coordinates of $$\\left(-2,\\:2\\right)$$", "result": "\\left(2\\sqrt{2},\\:-\\frac{π}{4}+π\\right)" } ] } }